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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medications are the first-line treatment for ADHD. They have a history of a robust response, good tolerance and safety across the lifespan. However, it's important to determine the appropriate dosage and medication that alleviates your child's or your own symptoms without side effects. This often takes lots of trial and trial and open dialog with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase activity in the central nervous system. They are widely used as performance enhancement and cognitive enhancers by athletes, students artists, workers, and students. They are also used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. They also treat binge eating disorder, and some anxiety disorders. The most popular stimulant drugs are amphetamines and methylphenidates. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in immediate-release and extended-release formulas. Immediate-release medications are usually taken every four hours as required. When they wear off they can cause sudden and temporary drop in energy. The crash can trigger extreme craving, mood swings and fatigue. Instant-release medications can also raise blood pressure and heart rate in certain people, particularly when they don't eat enough. Extended-release medication is formulated to release active ingredients over the course of 8-16 hours. This type of medication may be prescribed by your physician when you're looking for long-lasting control of symptoms without having to take pills several times a day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate products. Daytrana is a methylphenidate with a long-acting product that adheres to your skin like a bandage and is able to last for the entire day. This type of medication is usually given to people with ADHD who need a daily dose that lasts longer than the immediate-release alternatives. Stimulant medications do not cure ADHD but it can help manage the symptoms by enhancing how neurons in the brain communicate. They accomplish this by altering the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine and norepinephrine. This is done by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters be released, and aids in ensuring that messages between neurons are more efficiently transferred and received. Doctors may prescribe antidepressants in addition to stimulants for ADHD. Most antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD are based on the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibiters are a great option for people with depression or anxiety. These medications are usually paired with stimulants to enhance their effectiveness. Your doctor can switch between stimulant and a non-stimulant medication in the event that your current medication isn't effective or causes an unacceptable adverse effects. Long-acting About 70 to 80% children and adults with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others. They also help improve job performance and social skills. The stimulant drugs begin to work when they cross the blood-brain barrier, which can take between 45 and 60 minutes. They increase the levels dopamine and Norepinephrine within brain cells, which decreases the intensity of impulses and hyperactivity. FDA-approved stimulant medication uses one of two molecules, methylphenidate, (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine, (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). Stimulants may cause negative side effects, such as nausea, loss of appetite and increased blood pressure. They can also trigger anxiety and headaches. They can also cause tics to become worse and cause sleep problems in certain people. Long-acting stimulants, like Strattera or Wellbutrin, are effective both at night and day. The short-acting drugs are only effective for a few hours. They can be employed to treat other conditions such as depression or anxiety. These medicines work by altering the ways your body regulates chemicals known as monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases, or enzymes, break down dopamine and other neurotransmitters within the brain. These chemicals stay in your body longer if they are not broken down. This could affect your behavior and even your thinking. Long-acting medication can have fewer negative effects. Your doctor may prescribe smaller doses, which you can take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available as extended-release versions that you can take daily. This may be more convenient for some adults, but it's crucial to remember that you take them each day. Other medications have been proven to be effective for many adults suffering from ADHD which includes selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are typically prescribed for depression or anxiety but they can also be prescribed for ADHD. About 70% of patients respond to these medications. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is a different SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been proven to be more effective than placebos in a controlled study. These drugs can cause serious side effects, like hearing ringing anxiety, and changes in heart, vision and lung function. Short-acting Stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These two chemicals help people control their behavior and focus. These drugs come in many different forms, and each has its own brand name, like Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta. There are two major types of stimulant medicines such as the methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). They all have similar effects, but their duration of action differs. The methylphenidates have shorter-lasting effects; they can last for up to three hours, whereas amphetamines are more long-lasting. Some people tolerate stimulant medications better than others, so your doctor may prescribe them. It is essential to know as much as you can about the medication. This includes any side effects, how frequently it should be taken, and any warnings. This will make it easier to collaborate with your doctor in determining the appropriate medication and dose for you. These medications can also trigger some negative side effects like insomnia or a loss of appetite. If these occur consult your physician about adjusting the dosage or trying other medications. Adults with ADHD who don't respond well to stimulants can be treated with nonstimulant medication. These medicines require longer time to work, but they improve the capacity to pay attention and manage impulses. These drugs might be prescribed alone or in conjunction with stimulants. The first of these is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree), which works by increasing norepinephrine and dopamine in the prefrontal brain, which controls the behavior. Another is guanfacine (brand name Intuniv) that belongs to a class of medications known as alpha agonists. These drugs work by blocking the reuptake process and increasing the amount of brain chemicals in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was created to treat high blood pressure, but it has also been proven to aid people suffering from ADHD. Combinations There are a variety of combinations of drugs used by those who suffer from ADHD. These include stimulants combined with depressant drugs such as Guanfacine or Clonidine. These drugs can have a calming affect on the brain and help reduce symptoms such as sleeplessness and aggressive behaviour. They can also reduce withdrawal symptoms from stimulants. This combination can be dangerous, however, if it is not used correctly. adult add medications is a drug emergency which occurs when there is a high concentration of serotonin in the body. This combination can also increase the blood pressure and heart rate. People with heart disease or high blood pressure are at greater chance of experiencing adverse reactions from this medication. Teenagers and young adults are increasingly using stimulant combinations. These substances are often referred to as “legal highs” and are available in pharmacies. These drugs are also available on the black market. These substances are dangerous particularly when they are mixed with alcohol or other substances. This is referred to as polydrug usage and can be very dangerous. Mixing drugs can trigger unpredictable and harmful effects, such as increased heart rate, slower breathing, hallucinations, paranoia seizures, and addiction. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy in treating ADHD, according to the findings of a study. Combining medication increased adherence and allowed patients to experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy. However there were many patients who stopped their treatment due to adverse effects. In some cases it was reported that the medication was withdrawn due to sleep issues or worsening tics. This could be due to a poor diagnosis or a lack of medication. Nonstimulants are also used to treat ADHD. These drugs can be effective in enhancing the quality of attention and impulse control however they are not as effective as stimulants. They are also less likely to suppress growth and reduce appetite. Some antidepressants can also be prescribed for ADHD. However they have a lower chance of improving concentration and focus. Numerous studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to yield better results than either alone. The combination of the two drugs was shown to increase adherence and decrease adverse effects in the majority of people. The combination was also successful in adolescents and young adults. This combination may be a viable option for children suffering from severe ADHD.